nginx配置详解,nginx跨域问题,配置SSL
前言
更改hosts文件
#修改hosts文件 vi /etc/hosts #如下 增加127.0.0.1 velocityerp.top 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 127.0.0.1 velocityerp.top
新增velocityerp.top.conf配置文件
server { listen 80; #侦听端口 server_name velocityerp.top; #网站域名 root "/mnt/hgfs/project/www/erp/public"; #代码地址 location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { # 如果请求的路径找不到,则nginx执行下面的复写 rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; #意思是假如访问www.baidu.com/test.html,如果找不到,就跳转到www.baidu.com/index.php/test.html,可用于配置访问路径省略index.php break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { # 匹配所有以.php结尾的请求 区分大小写 fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #侦听本地9000端口,php-fpm fastcgi_index index.php; #如果请求url以'/'结尾,则在后面追加index.php,在这里设置其实不生效,以为前面已经限制以.php结尾的请求,习惯用法 fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; #非贪婪匹配 fastcgi_param SCRipT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; #在浏览器中访问的.php文件,实际读取的是 $document_root(网站根目录)下的.php文件 -- 也就是说当访问127.0.0.1/index.php的时候,需要读取网站根目录下面的index.php文件 fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; # 脚本请求的值 fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; #解析 include fastcgi_params; } }
service nginx restart
nginx配置header参数(解决跨域),接口方配置
server { listen 80; server_name api.velocitypublic.top; root "/mnt/hgfs/project/www/velocitypublic-api/public"; add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*'; #允许的请求来源,* 为所有 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' ; #是否允许浏览器后续请求携带认证信息(cookies),该值只能是true,如果服务器不要浏览器发送Cookie,删除该字段即可。 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS'; #的值是逗号分隔的一个字符串,表明服务器支持的所有跨域请求的方法。注意,返回的是所有支持的方法,而不单是浏览器请求的那个方法。这是为了避免多次"预检"请求 add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'Authorization,Content-Type,Accept,Origin,User-Agent,DNT,Cache-Control,X-Mx-ReqToken,Keep-Alive,X-Requested-With,Pragma,Cache-Control,If-Modified-Since,token'; #浏览器请求包括Access-Control-Request-Headers字段,则Access-Control-Allow-Headers字段是必需的。它也是一个逗号分隔的字符串,表明服务器支持的所有头信息字段,不限于浏览器在"预检"中请求的字段。 add_header 'Access-Control-Max-Age' 1728000; 该字段可选,用来指定本次预检请求的有效期,单位为秒。上面结果中,有效期是20天(1728000秒),即允许缓存该条回应1728000秒(即20天),在此期间,不用发出另一条预检请求 location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; include fastcgi_params; } }
nginx反向代理(解决跨域),发送方配置
server { listen 80; server_name tp5.top; root "/mnt/hgfs/project/www/tp5/public"; location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; include fastcgi_params; } location /api { proxy_pass http://api.velocitypublic.top/index.php/api/auth/sliding_code; # 解决跨域,访问tp5.top/api 会代理到api.velocitypublic.top域名下,绕过浏览器同源策略检测 } }
nginx端口转发(解决跨域)
server { listen 80; server_name tp5.top; root "/mnt/hgfs/project/www/tp5/public"; location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; include fastcgi_params; } location /api/ { # 把 /api 路径下的请求转发给真正的后端服务器 proxy_pass http://localhost:189/; # 把host头传过去,后端服务程序将收到your.domain.name, 否则收到的是localhost:189 proxy_set_header Host $http_host; # 把cookie中的path部分从/api替换成/service proxy_cookie_path /api /; # 把cookie的path部分从localhost:189替换成your.domain.name proxy_cookie_domain localhost:189 rampow.top; # 获取用户真实ID proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header REMOTE-HOST $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; }
nginx内部跳转
server { listen 80; server_name tp5.top; root "/mnt/hgfs/project/www/tp5/public"; location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; include fastcgi_params; } location ^~ /api { alias /mnt/hgfs/project/www/wms_api/public; #目录别名,root与alias主要区别在于nginx如何解释location后面的uri,这会使两者分别以不同的方式将请求映射到服务器文件上。root的处理结果是:root路径+location路径alias的处理结果是:使用alias路径替换location路径 if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^ /api/index.php last; } } }
nginx配置https
server { listen 443; server_name zblog.top; ssl on; #ssl证书的pem文件路径 ssl_certificate /usr/local/nginx/conf/cert/romanli.top.pem; #ssl证书的key文件路径 ssl_certificate_key /usr/local/nginx/conf/cert/romanli.top.key; root "/usr/local/nginx/www/yongkang-blog"; location / { index index.php index.html error/index.html; if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php?s=/$1 last; break; } } location ~ \.php(.*)$ { fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U).+\.php)(/?.+)$; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info; fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info; include fastcgi_params; } } server { listen 80; server_name romanli.top; #将请求转成https rewrite ^(.*)$ https://$host$1 permanent; }
nginx配置优先级详解
匹配优先级:精确匹配 >(^~) > 正则匹配 > 字符串(长 > 短) = 精确匹配; ^~ 提高前缀字符串的匹配优先级; ~ 区分大小写的正则表达式匹配; ~* 不区分大小写的正则表达式匹配; / 通用匹配(因为所有的地址都以 / 开头,所以这条规则将匹配到所有请求),如果没有其它匹配,任何请求都会匹配到。 # 举例 location = /test.png { # 精确匹配 [ configuration A ] } location / { # 通用匹配,但是正则表达式和最长字符串会优先被匹配 [ configuration B ] } location /documents/ { # 前缀字符串匹配 # 匹配任何以 /documents/ 开头的请求 # 只有后面的正则表达式没有匹配到时,该配置才会被采用 [ configuration C ] } location ^~ /images/ { # 前缀字符串匹配 # 匹配任何以 /images/ 开头的请求,匹配成功以后,会停止搜索后面的正则表达式匹配 [ configuration D ] } location ~* \.(gif|jpg|jpeg)$ { # 正则表达式匹配,匹配所有以 gif,jpg,jpeg 结尾的请求 # 然而,所有请求 /images/ 下的图片会被 configuration D 处理,因为 ^~ 指令,匹配不到这一条规则 [ configuration E ] } location /images/abc/ { # 前缀字符串匹配 # 只有去掉 configuration D 才能被匹配到 [ configuration F ] }
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